Instead of moving into your cells, sugar builds up in your bloodstream. In type 2 diabetes, this process doesn't work well. When your glucose levels are low, such as when you haven't eaten in a while, the liver breaks down stored glycogen into glucose to keep your glucose level within a normal range.Glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream, where it enters cells with the help of insulin.Glucose comes from two major sources: food and your liver.The use and regulation of glucose includes the following: Glucose - a sugar - is a main source of energy for the cells that make up muscles and other tissues. In response to this drop, the pancreas releases less insulin.The amount of sugar in your bloodstream drops.Insulin circulates in the bloodstream, enabling sugar to enter your cells.Sugar in the bloodstream triggers the pancreas to secrete insulin.Insulin regulates how the body uses sugar in the following ways: Insulin is a hormone that comes from the gland situated behind and below the stomach (pancreas). The pancreas is unable to produce enough insulin to manage blood sugar levels.Įxactly why this happens is unknown, but being overweight and inactive are key contributing factors.Because these cells don't interact in a normal way with insulin, they don't take in enough sugar. Cells in muscle, fat and the liver become resistant to insulin. Type 2 diabetes is primarily the result of two interrelated problems: Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic Causes
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